ACTIVITY 2

WONG, Kateleen Claire T - Activity 2

WONG, Kateleen Claire T - Activity 2

by Kateleen Claire Wong -
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ACTIVITY 2

Name at least two muscles that actively contract during the following activities and name their action and innervation:

  1. Throwing a baseball overhead uses muscles like the Subscapularis, Deltoid, and such. 

  • Subscapularis

    • ACTION: Medially rotates the arm and stabilizes the shoulder joint

    • NERVE: Upper and lower subscapular nerve.

  • Deltoid 

    • ACTION: Lateral fibers abduct arm at shoulder joint; anterior fibers flex and medially rotate arm at shoulder joint; posterior fibers extend and laterally rotate arm at shoulder joint.

    • NERVE: Axillary nerve.

  1. Kicking a ball uses muscles like Quadriceps, Rectus femoris and such.

  • Biceps femoris

    • ACTION: Flexes leg at knee joint and extends thigh at hip joint.

    • NERVE: Tibial and fibular nerves from sciatic nerve.

  • Rectus femoris

    • ACTION: All four heads extend leg at knee joint; rectus femoris muscle acting alone also flexes thigh at hip joint.

    • NERVE: Femoral nerve.

  1. Doing sit-ups uses muscles like Rectus abdominis, Transversus abdominis, and such.

  • Rectus abdominis

    • ACTION: Flexes vertebral column, especially lumbar portion, and compresses abdomen to aid in defecation, urination, forced exhalation, and childbirth. RMA: Flexes pelvis on the vertebral column.

    • NERVE: Thoracic spinal nerves T7–T12.

  • Transversus abdominis

    • ACTION: Compresses abdomen.

    • NERVE: Thoracic spinal nerves T8–T12, iliohypogastric nerve, and ilioinguinal nerve

  1. Breathing uses muscles like Diaphragm , External intercostals, and such.

  • Diaphragm  

    • ACTION:  Contraction of diaphragm causes it to flatten and increases vertical dimension of thoracic cavity, resulting in inhalation; relaxation of diaphragm causes it to move superiorly and decreases vertical dimension of thoracic cavity, resulting in exhalation

    • NERVE: Phrenic nerve, which contains axons from cervical spinal nerves (C3–C5).

  • External intercostals

    • ACTION: Contraction elevates ribs and increases anteroposterior and lateral dimensions of thoracic cavity, resulting in inhalation; relaxation depresses ribs and decreases anteroposterior and lateral dimensions of thoracic cavity, resulting in exhalation.

    • NERVE: Thoracic spinal nerves T2–T12.

Reference:

Tortora, G. J., & Derrickson, B. (2017). Principles of anatomy and physiology. Wiley Custom Learning Solutions.