1.
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Somatic cell division
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Production of diploid cell
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Starts with interphase, then mitosis (Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, and Telophase), then cytokinesis.
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Since somatic cell division duplicates mother cells into daughter cells (identically), it is important for the development of embryos (to form a new individual, and for the growth of an individual. It produces new cells and replaces dead or damaged cells.
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Reproductive cell division
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Production of haploid gametes
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Meiosis I and meiosis II
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Crossing over or recombination of DNA; this implies that no two gametes are the same.
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Reproductive Cell Division is important because it will ensure that a fertilized egg (or a sexually produced individual) will have a complete and exact set of chromosomes (46 chromosomes).
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2. The significance of interphase is that it carries all life processes except cell division. Therefore, in this phase, the cell carries its function (e.g. growth of the cell) and prepares the cell for division.