a. Ano-ano ang mga lapit (approach) sa konserbasyon ng kamanahang kultural?
As presented in the document, there are three definitive approaches to cultural heritage conservation. First, it is stated that the employment of adaptive re-use of historic buildings is an appropriate approach in allowing culturally significant buildings to undergo transformations with regards to how they benefit the public. This may be the conversion of such buildings into establishments that satisfy the conditions and needs of present-day society but still retain the value, and structural/aesthetic authenticity originally possessed by the historic building. Examples of this may be the conversion of the Las Casas de Acuzar in Bataan; although currently a resort, this establishment employs the relocation and restoration of historical traditional Filipino houses. These houses now serve a new purpose of accommodation spaces, dining areas, and museums.
The second method mentioned is the “old-and-new” approach which permits new buildings to be situated in-between/within the area of conserved structures while maintaining its connection to the surrounding buildings; this encourages the utilization of under-used properties or land.
Lastly, the third approach put forward was that of urban regeneration. Urban regeneration aims to improve the societal, economic, and environmental circumstances of urban spaces with historical value. This approach is split into four (4) sections, urban reconstruction, rehabilitation, revitiaization, and redevelopment. Reconstruction is considered as a plan to improve the declining conditions or status of urban areas with cultural importance; rehabilitation concerns the improvement of the physical and aesthetic aspects of a space in order to boost economic activity and incorporate cultural structures; revitalization discusses the rejuvenation or immediate repair of establishments with deteriorating economic, physical, cultural, and environmental conditions; and, redevelopment covers the adaptation and adjustments made to an establishment in order for it to match up with current economic needs.
b. Sa tingin mo ba magagamit (applicable) ang Culture-Oriented Economic Development ni Van der Borg at Russo (2005) sa mga bansang bahagi ng Global South?
The COED model constructed by Van der Borg and Russo is based on the premise of three (3) assumptions. First, that the growth of a country’s cultural sector can also serve as a kick-off point for the development of creative industries. Second, that the growth of a creative economy allow for increased competitiveness among cities. Finally, that a culture-based economy is given the opportunity to extend its longevity is the preservation of spatial balance, social permeability, and cultural identity are observed. Continuing on, I maintain that these points are viable and applicable to communities and countries regardless of where on the globe they are located. Despite this, I believe that it is not the location of a country but rather the administrative management they are under which determines whether or not they will be able to identify with these assumptions. Additionally, the people of such countries must also hold the desire to pursue the upkeep of their country's cultural integrity, forging a sense of teamwork and collaboration with their government to maintain such aspects of their communities. Thus, this responsibility lies not only with individuals in powerful positions, but also the people they serve.