1) It is immunization day at the health center. The first patient is a 2-month old well female infant who is scheduled for the following vaccinations: pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV), pentavalent vaccine (Penta) and oral polio vaccine. PCV and Penta are given via intramuscular route. Where are the sites of injection? What muscle is targeted in the injection? Write down its origin, insertion and action. How do you locate this area?
PCV and Penta
Sites of injection: Anterolateral thigh
Muscles targeted in the injection: Vastus lateralis
Origin: Greater trochanter and the lateral lip of linea aspera of the femur
Insertion: Patella via the quadriceps femoris tendon
Action: Extends the knee joint
Way to locate the area: Palpate the infant’s muscle below the greater trochanter and above the lateral femoral condyle (knee joint)
2) The baby’s 65-year-old grandfather also came to the center because influenza vaccine is being offered to senior citizens. The flu vaccine is given intramuscularly. Which muscle is the preferred site for IM injection in this case? Write down its origin, insertion and action. How do you locate this area?
Flu vaccine
Sites of injection: Upper arm
Muscles targeted in the injection: Deltoid
Origin: Lateral one third of clavicle, acromion and spine of scapula
Insertion: Deltoid tuberosity of humerus
Action: Abducts, flexes, extends, and medially and laterally rotates arm at glenohumeral (shoulder) joint
Way to locate the area: Form an imaginary upside-down triangle on the patient's arm by placing 2 to 3 fingers down from the acromion process