Answer the following questions:
1. Briefly describe the process of inflammation in an area that has been traumatized.
When trauma occurs on any area of the body, edema, or swelling occurs due to too much fluid being trapped inside our body tissues. In response, the lymphatic junctions will open. The filaments will dilate the blood vessels to increase blood flow towards the swelled area such that white blood cells, antibodies, and clotting factors enter the site of injury. Tissue repair and drainage of the extravasated fluid then occurs.
2. Choose one type of Immunity (Innate and Humoral) and explain how its mechanism protects our body.
Innate immunity is the term used for both our external resistances provided by our skin and mucous membranes and our internal resistances such as inflammatory responses, the antimicrobial substances in our body, and phagocytes.
For external resistance, our skin covers our internal organs and tissues, providing us superficial defense against microbes. Our mucous membranes, meanwhile, are present in some of our body cavities such as our airways. These membranes secrete mucus that traps microbes and pathogens.
Our internal resistance, meanwhile, covers our natural killer B and T cells, which attack malfunctioning plasma proteins. Macrophages are also present in our blood, clearing up microbes, dead cells and other waste products in the blood. Antimicrobial substances such as Interferons, Iron-binding proteins, the complement system, and antimicrobial proteins inhibit the growth of viral infections, microbes, and bacteria in the body.