- Initiation of exercise
Initiation of exercise results in increased metabolic demands for oxygen which similarly leads to an increase production of carbon dioxide levels. - Moderate exercise
During moderate exercise, there is a higher ventilation rate due to the increase in amount of lung volume receptors and other receptors in the respiratory control center to compensate for the need of oxygen. Thus, during a moderate exercise, the initial tidal volume and subsequently breathing rate increases. - Abrupt ascent into high altitudes
In cases of abrupt ascent into high altitudes. respiratory difficulties such as hypoxia and hyperventilation of the body may occur due to the reduced oxygen pressure. This is due to the attempt to compensate for the lower oxygen levels as ventilation and tidal volume increases. - Paralysis of phrenic nerve
With an impaired diaphragm, normal breathing is negatively affected due to the lungs not being able to expand completely. This results in reduced lung expansion and decreased respiratory rate and depth. - Severe anemia
With severe anemia, the capacity of the blood to carry oxygen is reduced which leads to an increased respiratory rate. - Advanced pregnancy
Due to the demands of pregnancy, the growing fetus and hormonal changes lead to a higher respiratory rate and depth and an increase of oxygen demand. The diaphragm may also be pushed upwards as a result of the present fetus which can lead to reduced lung expansion and decreased respiratory rate and depth..
POST-LECTURE ACTIVITY: RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
BRAVO, Serafin Marcus C._Post Lecture Activity
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