Name 5 muscles which are affected and list its actions
Frontalis: Draws scalp anteriorly, raises eyebrows, and wrinkles skin of forehead horizontally as in look of surprise
Orbicularis Oculi: Closes and protrudes lips, as in kissing; compresses lips against teeth; and shapes lips during speech.
Orbicularis Oris: Closes eyes.
Buccinator: Maintains the tightness of the cheeks and presses them against the teeth during chewing.
Platysma: Contributes to the production of myriad of facial expressions.
Mechanism of his muscle weakness:
Compression of the seventh cranial nerve at the geniculate ganglion is hypothesized to cause bell palsy. The labyrinthine section, the first part of the facial canal, is the narrowest and where compression most frequently occurs.
Other symptoms he could exhibit as a result of facial weakness:
Rapid onset of mild weakness to total paralysis on one side of your face — occurring within hours to days
Facial droop and difficulty making facial expressions, such as closing your eye or smiling
Drooling
Pain around the jaw or in or behind your ear on the affected side
Increased sensitivity to sound on the affected side
Headache
A loss of taste
Changes in the amount of tears and saliva you produce
REFERENCE:
Taylor, D. C. (2021, May 4). Bell Palsy: Practice Essentials, background, anatomy. Retrieved September 8, 2023, from https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1146903-overview#:~:text=These%20nerves%20serve%20the%20muscles,%2C%20buccinator%2C%20and%20platysma%20muscles.
Warner, M. J. (2023, August 17). Bell Palsy. StatPearls - NCBI Bookshelf. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK482290/#:~:text=Bell%20palsy%20is%20thought%20to,occur%20in%20the%20labyrinthine%20segment.
Tortora, G.J. & Derrickson, B. (2017). Chapter 11: The Muscular System. In Principles of anatomy and physiology (15th ed.).