1. Platysma
Origin: fascia over deltoid and pectoralis major muscles
Insertion: mandible, blends with muscles around angle of mouth and skin of lower face
Action: draws outer part of lower lip inferiorly and posteriorly as in pouting; depresses mandible
2. Mentalis
Origin: mandible
Insertion: skin of chin
Action: elevates and protrudes lower lip and pulls skip of chin up, as in pouting
3. Orbicularis Oris
Origin: muscle fibers surrounding opening of mouth
Insertion: skin at corner of mouth
Action: closes and protrudes lips, as in kissing; compresses lips against teeth; and shapes lips during speech
4. Corrugator Supercilii
Origin: medial end of superciliary arch of frontal bone
Insertion: skin of eyebrow
Action: draws eyebrow inferiorly and wrinkles skin of forehead vertically as in frowning
5. Orbicularis Oculi
Origin: medial wall of orbit
Insertion: circular path around orbit
Action: closes eye
6. Occipitofrontalis
Origin: skin and superfacial facia of eyebrows
Insertion: epicranial aponeurosis
Action: moves scalp on skull and raises eyebrows
Tortora, G. J., & Derrickson, B. (2017). Tortora’s Principles of Anatomy and Physiology. In John Wiley & Sons, Inc. eBooks. https://ci.nii.ac.jp/ncid/BB23861293