For the 2-month old patient:
Sites of injection of PCV and Penta
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Anterolateral of the thigh
Target muscle
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Vastus lateralis muscle
Origin: it originates from the greater trochanter of the femur and lateral tip of the linea aspera.
Insertation: it inserts to the patella and continues as the quadriceps tendon, which ultimately connects to the tibial tuberosity on the anterior surface of the tibia
Action: it extends the knee joints.
How to locate this area: To identify the vastus lateralis muscle, have the patient lie down or be supported by a caregiver. Locate the muscle between the greater trochanter and the lateral femoral condyle (knee joint) by touch. Divide the muscle into three equal parts and then administer the injection in the outer, front, and side area of the thigh's middle third, positioned to the side of the thigh's midpoint.
For the 65 year old patient:
Preferred site of injection of Flu vaccine
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Deltoid muscle
Origin: it originates from the lateral of the clavicle, and acromion and spine of scapula.
Insertation: it inserts to the deltoid tuberosity of proximal humerus.
Action: Lateral fibers move the arm away from the body at the shoulder joint; anterior fibers bend and internally rotate the arm at the shoulder joint; posterior fibers straighten and externally rotate the arm at the shoulder joint.
How to locate this area: To identify the deltoid muscle, palpate the acromion and then imagine a triangle below the shoulder, with its center about 3-5 cm beneath the acromion. Finally, administer the injection.
REFERENCES:
Mallat, J., Marieb, E.N. & Wilhelm, P.B. (2016). Human anatomy (8th ed.). Washington, USA: Pearson.
Tortora, G.J. & Derrickson, B. (2017). Chapter 11: The Muscular System. In Principles of anatomy and physiology (15th ed.).