1. Throwing of baseball overhead
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Deltoid
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Action: produce abduction of shoulder joint, lifting arms frontward, sideward, and backward
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Innervation: Axillary nerve (C5,6)
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Biceps brachii
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Action: (1) Bending of forearm (flexion), (2) Rotation of forearm outwards (supination)
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Innervation: Musculocutaneous nerve (C5,6)
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2. Kicking a ball
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Quadriceps femoris (group of muscles at front of thigh)
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Action: Extend leg at knee joint and flex thigh at hip joint
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Innervation: Femoral nerve
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Biceps femoris (composed of long head and short head, one muscle of the hamstring muscle group)
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Action: (1) Thigh extension and external rotation, (2) Knee flexion and lower leg external rotation, and (3) Stabilizes pelvis
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Innervation: tibial portion of sacral nerve (long head) and peroneal division of sacral nerve (short head)
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3. Doing sit-ups
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Rectus abdominis
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Action: (1) Flexion of trunk, (2) Stabilizes pelvis during movements and depresses ribs
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Innervation: Intercostal nerves 7-11 and subcostal nerve
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Obliques (side abdominal muscles)
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Action: (1) Rotation of torso, (2) Bending of body from side-to-side
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Innervation: Thoracic spinal nerves (T7-T12)
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4. Breathing
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Diaphragm
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Action: (1) contracts upon inhalation, maintaining proper breathing, (2) relaxes upon exhalation, maintaining proper breathing
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Innervation: Phrenic nerve (C3-C5)
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Transversus abdominis
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Action: Compression of intra-abdominal viscera, increasing intra-abdominal pressure which aids expiration
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Innervation: Thoracoabdominal nerves (T7-T11), subcostal nerve (T12) and branches of the lumbar plexus
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References
- Gross Anatomy - Muscles Tables. (n.d.). Copyright 2000 the University of Michigan. https://www.med.umich.edu/lrc/anatomy-tables/muscles_alpha.html