How the food changes consistency and form
Food must be broken down into smaller substances in order to absorb the nutrients needed by our body. Its consistency and form depends on which digestive organ it is in. Food changes form because of different hormones and enzymes that aid in their breakdown during digestion. The food is chewed when it enters the mouth and undergoes hydrolysis, which turns the food into bolus. When the bolus is swallowed, it passes through the esophagus until it reaches the stomach. The food then undergoes churning and hydrolysis in the stomach, turning the bolus into chyme. The food then goes to the small intestine, where it undergoes hydrolysis and nutrient absorption. The large intestine is responsible for absorption of other substances such as water and ions. After the large intestine, the food is stored in the rectum. Lastly, the food is expelled through the anus in the form of feces.
How the body was able to absorb the nutrients from the foods we eat.
Nutrient absorption starts in the small intestine. After breaking down the food, its nutrients are then absorbed through diffusion, facilitated diffusion, osmosis, and active transport.