ACTIVITY 3
1) It is immunization day at the health center. The first patient is a 2-month old well female infant who is scheduled for the following vaccinations: pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV), pentavalent vaccine (Penta) and oral polio vaccine. PCV and Penta are given via intramuscular route. Where are the sites of injection? What muscle is targeted in the injection? Write down its origin, insertion and action. How do you locate this area?
The common sites for intramuscular injections among infants is through the lateral side of the thigh in the midportion of the vastus lateralis muscle.To locate the injection site in vastus lateralis, ensure to completely expose the infant's leg. Locate the greater trochanter of femur and patella. Draw an imaginary line between the two landmarks down the front of the thigh and lines diving the thigh into thirds. The right injection site is located in the middle third on the outer aspect of the thigh.
-
Vastus lateralis
-
Origin- greater trochanter and linea aspera of femur
-
Insertion- patella via quadriceps tendon and then tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament.
-
Action- extend leg at knee joint; flexes thigh at hip joint
-
2) The baby’s 65-year-old grandfather also came to the center because influenza vaccine is being offered to senior citizens. The flu vaccine is given intramuscularly. Which muscle is the preferred site for IM injection in this case? Write down its origin, insertion and action. How do you locate this area?
The common sites for intramuscular injections among adults is through gluteus medius muscle of the buttock and the deltoid muscle of the shoulder. To locate the injection site in the deltoid muscle, expose the arm from the top of the shoulder to the elbow. Locate the acromion and deltoid tuberosity. The site for injection is the central halfway between the two anatomical landmarks.
-
Deltoid
-
Origin- Acromial extremity of clavicle, acromion of scapula, and spine of scapula
-
Insertion- deltoid tuberosity of humerus.
-
Action- Lateral fibers abduct arm at shoulder joint; anterior fibers flex and medially rotate arm at shoulder joint; posterior fibers extend and laterally rotate arm at shoulder joint.
-