ACTIVITY 3

ZALDIVAR, Georgette E. - Activity 3

ZALDIVAR, Georgette E. - Activity 3

by Georgette Zaldivar -
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Activity 3
Week 3
by GEORGETTE E. ZALDIVAR

 

1. It is immunization day at the health center. The first patient is a 2-month-old well female infant who is scheduled for the following vaccinations: pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV), pentavalent vaccine (Penta), and oral polio vaccine. PCV and Penta are given via the intramuscular route. Where are the sites of injection? What muscle is targeted in the injection? Write down its origin, insertion, and action. How do you locate this area?

PNEUMOCOCCAL CONJUGATE VACCINE (PCV) & PENTAVALENT VACCINE (PENTA)

Sites of injection: Since the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) and pentavalent vaccine (Penta) are to be administered via the intramuscular route, the preferred site of injection for a two-month-old infant is in the anterolateral thigh of both opposite legs.

Targeted muscle: The muscle being targeted in the injection is the vastus lateralis muscle.

      • Origin: The vastus lateralis muscle originates via a broad aponeurosis from the intertrochanteric line, greater trochanter, gluteal tuberosity, and linea aspera of the femur.
      • Insertion: The vastus lateralis muscle into the tibial tuberosity via the patellar ligament, and into the patella via the quadriceps tendon.
      • Action: The vastus lateralis muscle extends the lower leg at the knee joint and allows the body to rise up from a squatting position.

Location: To locate the site of injection:

    1. First, find the greater trochanter of the femur.
    2. The top border of the vastus lateralis muscle can be found a hand width below the groin, whereas its bottom border can be found a hand width above the knee. The side borders run from the mid anterior thigh to the mid-lateral thigh.
    3. The injection site is halfway down the vastus lateralis, as seen in the illustration below.


Figure 1. Vastus lateralis injection site

4. As much as possible, the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) and pentavalent vaccine (Penta) should be administered on separate legs: the PCV on the right and the Penta on the left. However, if in the necessary case that both vaccines need to be administered on the leg, it should be ensured that the injection sites must be at least two finger breadths apart.

 

2. The baby’s 65-year-old grandfather also came to the center because influenza vaccine is being offered to senior citizens. The flu vaccine is given intramuscularly. Which muscle is the preferred site for IM injection in this case? Write down its origin, insertion and action. How do you locate this area?

INFLUENZA VACCINE

Sites of injection: Since the influenza vaccine is to be administered via the intramuscular route, the preferred injection site for a 65-year-old grandfather is in the upper arm.

Targeted muscle: The targeted muscle, in this case, is the deltoid muscle.

      • Origin: The deltoid muscle originates from the acromial extremety of the clavicle (anterior fibers), acromion of the scapula (lateral fibers), and spine of the scapula (posterior fibers).
      • Insertion: The insertion of the deltoid muscle is along the deltoid tuberosity of the humerus.
      • Action: Thelateral fibers abduct the arm at the shoulder joint, the anterior fibers flex and medially rotate the arm at the shoulder joint, and the posterior fibers extend and laterally rotate the arm at the shoulder joint.

Location: To locate the site of injection:

    1. First, feel for the bone (acromion process) located at the top of the upper arm.
    2. Mark the area two fingers width below the acromion process. This area will be marked as an upside-down triangle.
    3. The injection is to be given at the center of the upside-down triangle.

 

REFERENCES:

  • Cocoman, A., & John, M. (2006). IM injections: How's Your Technique. Retrieved from INMO: https://www.inmo.ie/tempDocs/clin_practice-Apr-06.pdf
  • Department of Health. (n.d.). Chapter 4: The Vaccines. Retrieved September 22, 2022 from Department of Health: https://doh.gov.ph/sites/default/files/publications/NIP-MOP-Booklet%203.pdf
  • Vaskovic, J. (2022). Quadriceps femoris muscle. Retrieved from Ken Hub: https://www.kenhub.com/en/library/anatomy/the-quadriceps-femoris-muscle
  • WebMD, LLC. (2021). ORIMUNE. Retrieved from RxList: https://www.rxlist.com/orimune-drug.htm