1. Watch this video to view a rotating and exploded skull with color-coded bones. Which bone (yellow) is centrally located and joins with most of the other bones of the skull?
- It can be observed that the sphenoid bone is found at the center of the skull structure.
2. View another video to review the two processes that give rise to the bones of the skull and the body. The access of the video is in the study guide. Answer this question:
What are the two mechanisms by which the bones of the body are formed and which bones are formed by each mechanism?
- Ossification is the process by which bone tissue replaces embryonic connective tissue to form skeletal tissue. It facilitates the lengthening and thickening of bones, as well as the remodeling of bones throughout the course of life. Two methods are intramembranous ossification and endochondrial ossification. In intramembranous ossification, the fibrous membranes is the starting point on bone development. This give rise to formation of the flat bones of the skull providing better protection for the brain. Endochondral ossification involves replacing hyaline cartilage for bone development leading to the formation of all long bones of the axial skeleton and the appendicular skeleton.
3. Watch another video (link at the study guide) to see an animation of synovial joints in action. Answer the following questions after watching the video.
What are the synovial joints being described in the video?
- There are six synovial joints which were shown in the video: plane joint, hinge joint, pivot joint, condyloid joint, saddle join, and ball-and-socket joint.
Which type of synovial joint allows for the widest ranges of motion?
- The ball-and-socket joint allows the widest range of motion, which can be seen in the video as the joint between the humerus and clavicle.