Which bone (yellow) is centrally located and joins with most of the other bones of the skull?
The sphenoid bone is one of the eight bones making up the cranium. It is centrally located, so it is able to hold everything together, as well as connect the neurocranium to the facial skeleton.
What are the two mechanisms by which the bones of the body are formed, and which bones are formed by each mechanism?
The two mechanisms of bone formation are as follows:
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Intramembranous ossification is the process of bone formation occurring on or within fibrous connective tissue membranes, where mesenchyme cells differentiate into osteoblasts. Here, the flat bones of the skull, mandible, and clavicle form.
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Endochondral ossification is the process by which it allows the replacement of cartilage, a connective tissue, with bone. It occurs in most of the rest of the skeleton (except flat bones of the skull, mandible, clavicle), such as the vertebrae, ribs, and long bones in the appendicular skeleton.
What are the synovial joints being described in the video?
The synovial joints being described in the video are the following:
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Ball-and-socket joint (hip, shoulder)
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Hinge joint (knees)
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Pivot joint (neck)
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Condylar/Condyloid joint (wrist)
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Saddle joint (fingers)
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Gliding joint (vertebrae)
Which type of synovial joint allows for the widest ranges of motion?
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Among the synovial joints, the ball-and-socket joint allows for the widest ranges of motions. With a rounded, ball-like end of a bone fitting into a cup-like socket of the other one, it can be moved in all directions. Hip and shoulder joints are examples of the ball-and-socket joint.