Activity 3. Exercises
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Watch this video to view a rotating and exploded skull with color-coded bones. Which bone (yellow) is centrally located and joins with most of the other bones of the skull? The link of the video at the study guide.
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The sphenoid bone, located at the center of the skull base, is one of the most complex bones in the human body. It forms the major boundary between intra- and extracranial structures and is a conduit for several cranial nerves.
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View another video to review the two processes that give rise to the bones of the skull and the body. The access of the video is in the study guide. Answer this question:
a.) What are the two mechanisms by which the bones of the body are formed and which bones are formed by each mechanism?
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The bones in our body our formed by two mechanisms, mainly the Intramembranous Ossification and the Endochondral Ossification. The former is a process that forms the flat bones of the skull, the clavicle, the mandible, and most of the cranial bones. This is formed by the process of transforming the mesenchyme cells into osteogenic cells and then into osteoblasts. On the other hand, the latter is a process that forms all the bones of our body except the flat bones of the skull, the clavicle, the mandible, and most of the cranial bones. This occurs through the replacement of cartilage by bone.
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Watch another video (link at the study guide) to see an animation of synovial joints in action. Answer the following questions after watching the video.
a.)What are the synovial joints being described in the video?
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The synovial joints being described in the video are the ball-and-socket joint, hinge joint, pivot joint, condyloid joint, saddle joint, and zygapophyseal (gliding) joints
b.) Which type of synovial joint allows for the widest ranges of motion?
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The type of synovial joint that allows for the widest range of motion is the ball-and-socket joint. These are found in the shoulders and hip.