1. The somatic cell division performs the five phases of mitosis in which a single parent cell gets divided into two separate daughter cells; producing a diploid. Moreover, there is an exact similarity in terms of the number of chromosomes that the parent cell and the daughter cells obtain. Additionally, it conducts the process of cytokinesis among plant cells. This cell division plays an essential role in the growth, repair and replacement for worn-out cells, and asexual reproduction of an organism.
However, the reproductive cell division executes the eight phases of meiosis wherein the parent cell produces four daughter cells, and these gets reduced into one chromosome; producing a haploid. With this situation, it can maintain and control the correct number of chromosomes in preparation for the fertilization process. Furthermore, the reduction of chromosomes aid in preventing cases of abnormalities that can be acquired from the production of polyploidy. Additionally, it is responsible for the gametogenesis, sexual reproduction, and genetic variation.
2. Interphase covers ninety percent of the cell cycle as it partakes in the development of the cell size, as well as the DNA replication. In this process, the cell grows larger, cytoplasm expands more volume, creates copies of organelles, synthesizes proteins and enzymes, replicates DNA, and copies chromosomes in preparation for the cell division.