When we say a gene is expressing itself, what does "gene expression" mean in relation to protein synthesis?
Gene expression involves the encoding of information from a gene into a final gene product, which dictates both the structure and function of the cell. The variety of information enclosed in each gene ensures that there will be a vast selection of structures and functions that a cell can go by upon creation. In protein synthesis, cells craft proteins through the stages of transcription and translation. The process of transcription involves the transfer of genetic instructions from DNA to mRNA for the creation of new proteins, which is similar to how gene expression ends up with a new gene product with different features.