N3 Anatomy and Physiology (1st Sem AY 2022-2023)

1. What are the organs that constitute each of the organ systems above?

Answer:

According to Tortora and Derrickson (2014), the components of the 11 organ-systems in the body are:

1. Integumentary System- skin, hair, fingernails, toenails, sweat glands, and oil glands
2. Skeletal System- Bones and joints of the body and cartilages.
3. Muscular System- skeletal muscle tissue
4. Nervous system- brain, spinal cord, nerves
5. Endocrine system- hormone glands
6. Cardiovascular system- heart (blood and blood vessels)
7. Lymphatic system- Lymphatic fluid and vessels; spleen, thymus, lymph nodes, and tonsils
8. Respiratory system- lungs
9. Digestive system- mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small and large intestines, and anus
10. Urinary system- Kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra.
11. Reproductive system- Gonads (testes in males and ovaries in females) and associated organs (like vagina in females and penis in males).

2. Which organ systems function to regulate acid-base balance in body fluid?

Answer: The URINARY SYSTEM and RESPIRATORY SYSTEM regulate acid-base balance in body fluid since the lungs and kidneys are responsible for maintaining the right balance between acidity and alkalinity in our body.