Maternal Morbidity and Morbidity

Maternal Morbidity and Morbidity

Maternal Morbidity and Morbidity

by Alyssa Crisostomo -
Number of replies: 0

  1. Other than the factors discussed in the lecture, what do you think are other factors affecting maternal mortality rate in the Philippines?

         Other factors affecting maternal mortality rate in the Philippines are:

  • Sepsis - it  is a life-threatening condition that arises when the body’s response to infection causes injury to its own tissues and organs during pregnancy, child-birth, post-abortion or the postpartum period (WHO, 2020)

  • Low level of contraceptive use - limited access to contraceptives has negative effects because there were three million pregnancies in the Philippines and half of those pregnancies were unplanned, and one third of the unplanned pregnancies resulted in abortions (Rau, 2015)

  • COVID-19 pandemic - global maternal and fetal outcomes have worsened during the COVID-19 pandemic, with an increase in maternal deaths, stillbirth, ruptured ectopic pregnancies, and maternal depression (Chmielewska et. al., 2021)

  • Teenage pregnancy - Teen pregnancies carry extra health risks to both the mother and the baby. Often, teens don't get prenatal care soon enough, which can lead to problems later on. They have a higher risk for pregnancy-related high blood pressure and its complications. Risks for the baby include premature birth and a low birth weight (MedlinePlus, n.d.). Moreover, teenage girls’ reproductive systems are still undeveloped.

  • Delay in Seeking, Reaching, and Getting Care -  women either delay or forego seeking medical care because of several socioeconomic and cultural factors, and also because of difficult access to adequate medical facilities (NEDA, 2016).

 

  1. What are the top 3 causes of maternal mortality ratio in the Philippines? Top 3 maternal morbidity?

         Top 3 Causes of Maternal Mortality Ratio in the Philippines (Philippine Health Statistics, 2019)

  • Eclampsia (16%)

  • Gestational [pregnancy-induced] hypertension with significant proteinuria (14.7%)

  • Other maternal diseases classifiable elsewhere but complicating pregnancy, childbirth, and the puerperium (10.5%)

 

        Top 3 Maternal Morbidity (Baccay, 2022)

  • Hemorrhage (31%)

  • Infection (19%)

  • Unsafe abortion (16%)



References:

Baccay, K.B. (2022). Prenatal Care [Slides]. VLE. https://drive.google.com/file/d/1SXIWQpPevbtDjGVAOOlWiDtyE9CqJskQ/view

Chmielewska et. al. (2021). Effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on maternal and perinatal outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Retrieved from https://www.thelancet.com/journals/langlo/article/PIIS2214-109X(21)00079-6/fulltext#:~:text=Global%20maternal%20and%20fetal%20outcomes,resource%20and%20low%2Dresource%20settings.

Medline Plus (n.d.). Teenage Pregnancy. Retrieved from https://medlineplus.gov/teenagepregnancy.html#:~:text=Teen%20pregnancies%20carry%20extra%20health,and%20a%20low%20birth%20weight.

National Economic and Development Authority (2016). Why Do Mothers Die?. Retrieved from https://nro13.neda.gov.ph/why-do-mothers-die/

Philippine Health Statistics (2019). Retrieved from https://www.google.com/search?q=Top+3+Causes+of+Maternal+Mortality+Ratio+in+the+Philippines&rlz=1C1AVFC_enPH749PH749&ei=mEREYvHpJ8WZr7wPksa5iA0&ved=0ahUKEwjxlcn94u32AhXFzIsBHRJjDtEQ4dUDCA4&uact=5&oq=Top+3+Causes+of+Maternal+Mortality+Ratio+in+the+Philippines&gs_lcp=Cgdnd3Mtd2l6EAMyBQgAEKIEMgUIABCiBDoHCAAQRxCwA0oECEEYAEoECEYYAFDHB1jHB2C6DWgBcAF4AIABhwKIAYcCkgEDMi0xmAEAoAECoAEByAEIwAEB&sclient=gws-wiz

Rau (2015). Maternal Mortality in the Philippines. Retrieved from https://borgenproject.org/maternal-mortality-philippines/

World Health Organization (2020). Maternal Infection in Health Facilities. Retrieved from https://www.who.int/news/item/27-04-2020-maternal-infections-in-health-facilities