Weekly outline

  • General

    • WELCOME to Nursing 302!

      This course analyzes philosophies, theories, principles, and research findings in nursing science and related fields to provide structure in nursing theory development applicable to practice. The overall goal of the course is for you to develop an explanatory framework of a  substantive theory in nursing, health, and caring.

      The course consists of 2 parts:

      1. Studying the nursing discipline's underpinnings by examining its philosophies, theories, concepts, principles, research findings, and nursing development in the country.
      2. Engaging in the nursing theory development process.

      Learning Outcomes:

      1. Explain an evidence-based approach/ method in analyzing and synthesizing the nursing science-related philosophies, theories, principles, and research findings in an integrative review form.
      2. Develop an explanatory framework of a substantive theory in nursing, health, and caring through:
        1. Concept analysis process
        2. Systematic organization of the linkages between and among the concepts (or variables).
        3. Generation of theoretical relationships, propositions, and empirical indicators.
    • Course Guide File

      Please refer to the following attachment for your Course Guide.

    • Click to Join our Synchronous Meetings URL

      This will be our regular Zoom meeting link. Meeting ID: 809 666 0708 [Passcode: Nursing302]

    • Updated Breakdown of Grading

      Integrative Review 20%
      Workshop/Reports/Discussions 20%
      Concept Analysis Paper 30%
      Theory Development is at 30%
      Total: 100%

    • Your Faculty

      This course is led by Dr. Araceli O. Balabagno (aobalabagno@up.edu.ph) and Dr. Jenniffer T. Paguio (jtpaguio@up.edu.ph). Since we will have asynchronous weeks, you may contact us through our email addresses for any concerns. 

  • Week 1 [February 16 - 22]

    • Generating Topics and Ideas for Theory Development

    • Developing your theory starts with exploring related ideas and concepts in your area of interest. We will build from your seminal work in Nursing 301 and deeply dive into the key concepts you started with.

      We will do this in three activities:

      1. Present your working theory or concept from Nursing 301.
      2. Review literature/paper related to your focus concept/theory through critical appraisal.
      3. Write an integrative review.

      Don't worry, you won't need to submit the critical appraisal of the integrative review this early. These independent activities are intended to build your skills in reviewing and integrating literature which you will share throughout our sessions this semester. 

    • Sharing Task 1

      Share your beginning theory or concept from Nursing 301.

      1. Summarize the concept that you worked on in your previous theory course.
      2. Record a 5-minute video to pitch your theory or concept by highlighting the following:
        • The focus of your theory.
        • The related concepts that make up your theory.
        • Your theory's use/impact/purpose in Nursing Science/Practice.
      3. Upload your video in the Forum with a description. Write a summary of your working theory of not more than 500 words.

    • Independent Work

      Here are some resources to help you put together an Integrative Review.

      Start to put together an integrative review of the literature on your working theory/concept with the following steps:

          1. Frame a/a set of related statements or questions on your theory/concept.
          2. Conduct a systematic search for published ethnographic studies using appropriate selection criteria to address theory/concept inquiry statement [NOTE: Be guided by PICO format (Population, Intervention, Comparator, Outcome/s) or PiCoS (Population, phenomenon of Interest, Context, Study design) depending on the type of studies appropriate for your review question; and 'Date and Language criteria]
          3. Perform a critical appraisal of the generated literature (i.e., original work, systematic review, meta-synthesis)
          4. Summarize the collected evidence
          5. Interpret findings to identify common themes, conceptual definitions, and relationships. 

      Perform a Critical Appraisal of your collected papers using the appropriate appraisal instruments. You may use any of the two:

          1. CASP Critical Appraisal Skills Program Tools [Site] - You may also WATCH how to use these tools and perform critical appraisal through the Cochrane Critical Appraisal Modules on YouTube.
          2. Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal Tools [Site]

      Finally, here's a simple guide to writing an Integrative Review: 

      Oermann, MH, Knafl, KA. Strategies for completing a successful integrative review. Nurse Author Ed. 2021; 31( 3-4): 65- 68. https://doi.org/10.1111/nae2.30

  • Week 2 [February 23]

    • Metaparadigm Concepts in Nursing

    • This synchronous session focuses on the four main metaparadigm concepts in nursing: (1) persons, (2) environment, (3) health, (4) nursing, and their interrelationships through a short lecture. Our session discussions will also present perspectives on the central themes of selected nursing theories, including:

      1. Nightingale
      2. 20th Century Nursing theorists
      3. Nurse-patient relationship theories
      4. Interactive-integrative
      5. Unitary transformative
      6. Caring theories
      7. Middle-range theories 

      Reference: Smith (2020). Nursing Theories and Nursing Practice, 5th edition.

    • Sharing Task 2

      Share the topic you intend to work on for your Concept Analysis.

      1. Discuss your proposed concept based on your previous work in N301 and your submission in Sharing Task 1.
      2. Elicit and exchange ideas during the live session on how you can enrich your topic.

    • See you online!

      This week's session will be done synchronously through Zoom. 

    • Click to Join our Synchronous Meetings URL

      This will be our regular Zoom meeting link. Meeting ID: 809 666 0708 [Passcode: Nursing302]

    • February 22, 2023 URL

      Please access the session recording here and use the Passcode: g5%+iSuH.

      This includes our orientation session and preliminary discussions.

  • Week 3 [March 2 -8]

    • Independent Work

      1. Continue working on the Critical Appraisal of papers on your chosen conceptual focus. These are essential to assess the quality of papers that you will include in your synthesis.
      2. To help enrich your preliminary work, watch the video series on Nursing Theories Development from the UP Open university featuring our faculty, Dr. Balabagno. 
    • Nursing theories and explanatory frameworks in research URL

      The first episode of the UP Open University's series on 'Nursing Theories in the Philippines' by Dr. Araceli O. Balabagno.

    • Technological Competency as Caring in Nursing URL

      Technological Competency as Caring in Nursing by Dr. Rozzano Locsin.

    • Composure Model of Intervention URL

      Composure Model of Intervention by Hon. Carmelita Divinagracia.

    • Prepare Me Theory URL

      Prepare Me Theory by Dr. Carmencita Abaquin.

  • Week 4 [March 9]

    • Developments in Philippine in Nursing

    • This synchronous session addresses the learning outcome aimed at discussing the status of Nursing as a discipline and profession in the country. As you work on your concept, let us use the current context to frame our understanding of the relevance of your work to Nursing in the Philippines.

    • Sharing Task 3

      You have been assigned to share the following:

      1. Developments in Philippine Nursing Education (Conchita Palencia)
      2. Developments in Philippine Nursing Practice (Viviane Alvarez) [Watch the Recording]
      3. Developments in Philippine Nursing Research (Darius Carl Junio)

      4. Values that shape Philippine nursing - meanings and cultural implications (Epifania Quimson) [Watch the Recording]

    • See you online!

      This week's session will be done synchronously through Zoom. 

    • Click to Join our Synchronous Meetings (copy) (copy) URL

      This will be our regular Zoom meeting link. Meeting ID: 809 666 0708 [Passcode: Nursing302]

    • March 09, 2023 URL

      Please access the session recording here.

    • Independent Work

      Please continue working on your Concept Analysis.

  • Week 5 [March 16]

    • Concept Analysis Development Process

    • This synchronous session covers the purpose and methodology of concept analysis development. The main basis for discussion which will be applied in your concept analysis output is the Concept analysis development process (steps) by Walker and Avant (1994). Reference: Walker, L. O., & Avant, K. C. (2005). Strategies for theory construction in nursing (Vol. 4). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson/Prentice Hall.

      We will cover the different Concept Analysis methods, including:

      1. Walker & Avant (1994,1964) most used in Nursing
      2. Wilson (1993)
      3. Rodgers and Knafl (1993)
      4. Morse (1995)
      5. Chinn & Kramer (1995) 

      Here are some Recommended Readings to prepare for this discussion:

    • March 16, 2023 URL

      Please access the session recording here.

    • Independent Work

      Please continue working on your Concept Analysis.

  • Week 6 [March 23]

    • The Discipline of Nursing, Nursing Science, and Structuring of Nursing Knowledge

    • This synchronous session covers the following course outcomes

      1. Explain the purpose of nursing theories in professional disciplines and their application in practice.
      2. Organize theoretical thinking using related philosophies in health, nursing, caring, and research findings. 

      To demonstrate the above objectives, we will be joined by one of our esteemed alumni and visiting professors, Nursing Theorist Dr. Rozzano C. Locsin, Ph.D., RN, FAAN. He will present the development of his theory and how this presents the discipline of nursing, nursing science, and the structuring of nursing knowledge.

      Pleases READ the following to prepare for this discussion [FOLDER]:

      1. Locsin and Pumell (2015). Advancing the Theory of Technological Competency as Caring in Nursing: The Universal Technological Domain. International Journal for Human Caring. Vol. 19, No. 2.
      2. Locsin (2016). Technological Competency as Caring in Nursing: Co-creating Moments in Nursing Occurring Within the Universal Technological Domain. The Journal of Theory Construction & Testing. Vol. 20, No. 1.
      3. Tanioka, Yasuhara, Diño, Kai, Locsin, and Schoenhofer (2019). Disruptive Engagements With Technologies, Robotics, and Caring Advancing the Transactive Relationship Theory of Nursing. Nurs Admin Q. Vol. 43, No. 4, pp. 313–321.
      4. Betriana, Tanioka, Gunawan, and Locsin  (2022). Healthcare robots and human generations: Consequences for nursing and healthcare. Collegian 29 (2022) 767–773. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colegn.2022.01.008
      5. Locsin and Pumell (2007). Rapture and Suffering with Technology in Nursing. International Journal for Human Caring. Vol. 11, No. 1.

      Here are the references for Dr. Locsin's discussion available at the UPCN Library:

      1. Locsin, C. (2005). Technological competency as caring in nursing: a model for practice. USA: V.G. Reed & Sons.
      2. Locsin, R.C., & Kongsuwan, W. (Eds). (2020). The evolution of the theory of technological competency as caring in nursing: a middle-range theory. [sl] : [sn].

    • See you online!

      This week's session will be done synchronously through Zoom, 4-7 PM (Manila Time). 

    • Click to Join our Synchronous Meeting URL

      Join Zoom Meeting
      https://up-edu.zoom.us/j/96259444815

      Meeting ID: 962 5944 4815
      Passcode: 03232022

    • March 23, 2023 URL

      Please access the session recording here.

    • Independent Work

      Please continue working on your Concept Analysis.

  • Week 7-9 [March 30 - April 13]

    • Developing your Concept Analysis [Independent Work]

    • Independent Work

      How is the progress of your Concept Analysis? We hope the sessions we have had over the last weeks, and the input from the last meeting have guided you in putting together your main ideas for your work.

      For the next three (3) weeks, between the Reading Break and observance of the Holy Week, please take the time to work on the following:

      1. Integrative Review [See Week 1's guidance on writing an IR]
      2. Concept Analysis (selection, definitions, use, antecedents, attributes, consequences, empirical referents/ indicators, outcomes)

      Feel free to schedule Consultation Sessions with the faculty during this period.

  • Week 10 [April 20] - MOVED

    • Steps in Theory Development

    • This synchronous session starts off the steps in developing your theory. Specifically, this week will cover the following learning outcomes:

      1. Explain the steps in Theory Development (TD). 
      2. Discuss the reasoning behind the use of the phenomena of interest or concept.
      3. Describe the major concepts, constructs, concept exploration, and concept derived. 

      You will be working on the following:

      Step 1. Describing the Phenomena - Reasoning for study, purpose, and significance. 

      Step 2. Concept Exploration - the structure, metaparadigms, and context of interrelationships. Then, you will develop your Synthesis Statement.

      Please refer to our Course Guide's Appendix 1, Questions 1, 2, and 4. 

      A GUIDE FOR THE STUDY OF NURSING THEORY FOR USE IN PRACTICE
      Parker, M.E. & Smith, M.C. (2010). Nursing Theories and Nursing Practice, 3rd Ed. F. A. Davis Company; pp. 18-19. 

    • 04.27.2023 Session Recording

  • Week 11 [April 27] - Special Session with ARB

    • Integrating Nursing Theory-Guided Practice

    • This synchronous session aims to use current developments in nursing practice in the country as a means to strengthen nursing science and theory-building that is applicable to our culture. To achieve the objective, we will be joined by one of our esteemed alumni and visiting professors, Dr. Elizabeth R. Borromeo, Ph.D., RN, CNS. 

    • Task

      1. Study this case.
      2. Please prepare a 10-slide presentation (1 title and 1 reference slide) to answer the following questions:
        1. What may a comprehensive admission assessment look like if this theory or framework of theories is adapted by the hospital?
        2. What proposition(s) of the chosen theory or framework of theories can be tested in terms of nurse-patient relationship/interaction?
        3. What proposition(s) of the chosen theory or framework of theories can be tested in terms of assigning nurses to patients?
        4. The turnover rate of nurses has been annualized at 50%.  This means that almost half of the nurses that started on Jan 1, 2022, were gone by December 31, 2022.  Does the theory or framework of theories address this problem?
      3. Present in class.

      1. See you online!

        This week's session will be done synchronously through Zoom, 4-7 PM (Manila Time). 

      3. Synchronous Session Notes:

        What are propositions?

        • A proposition is a tentative and conjectural relationship between constructs that are stated in a declarative form. An example of a proposition is: "An increase in student intelligence causes an increase in their academic achievement."
        • This declarative statement does not have to be true but must be empirically testable using data to judge whether it is true or false.
        • Propositions are generally derived based on logic (deduction) or empirical observations (induction).

        Here's an example of theory assumptions, concepts, and propositions.

      6. Session Recording

    • Week 12 [May 4]

      • Independent Work

        1. Continue working on the Critical Appraisal of papers on your chosen conceptual focus. These are essential to assess the quality of papers that you will include in your synthesis.
        2. Set up consultation with your faculty as needed.

      • Steps in Theory Development

      • Great job on Steps 1 to 2!

        This week will cover the following learning outcomes:

        1. Integrate concept analysis in theory development.
        2. Discuss the interrelationship of concepts and paradigms.
        3. Explain the building blocks in the theory development.
        4. Create visual maps.

        You will be working on the following:

        Step 3. Method. Concept analysis of nursing phenomena being studied.

        Step 4. Relate concepts, paradigms (variables), linkages, ordering, or sequence.

        Please refer to our Course Guide's Appendix 1. But here are salient points to guide you:

        • How is nursing conceptualized in the theory?
        • What is the context of theory development?
        • How can the overall significance of the nursing theory be described? 

    • Week 13 [May 11]

      • Independent Work

        1. Continue working on the Critical Appraisal of papers on your chosen conceptual focus. These are essential to assess the quality of papers that you will include in your synthesis.
        2. Set up consultation with your faculty as needed.

      • Steps in Theory Development

      • You're on your last step!

        This week will cover the following learning outcomes:

        1. Develop assumptions and propositions of the theory.
        2. Explain the framework of the theory.

        You will be working on the following:

        Step 5. Present the following:

        • The Building Blocks
        • Rational statements or variables, assumptions
        • Visual map

        You may refer to the works of Fawcett. 

    • Week 14-15 [May 18 and 25]

      • WRITE THE THEORY

      • Independent Work

        Explanatory framework of a substantive theory in nursing, health, and caring. 

    • Week 16 [May 30 - June 8]

      • Consultations

    • PRESENTATION [TBA]

      • Synchronous Activity

        1. Present the proposed theory in class/ or forum.
        2. Peer review/critique.

        Synchronous Session link [TBA]

    • DUE SUBMISSIONS 50%