- The food changes in consistency and form as it passes through the digestive system to facilitate the digestion and absorption of nutrients. In the mouth, the food is chewed and mixed with saliva, which contains enzymes that break down starches and fats. This forms a soft mass called a bolus. In the stomach, the food is churned and mixed with gastric juice, which contains enzymes and acid that break down proteins and kill bacteria. This forms a semi-solid mixture called chyme. In the small intestine, the food is further digested by pancreatic juice and bile, which contain enzymes and chemicals that break down carbohydrates, fats, and proteins into their smallest units. This forms a liquid solution that can be absorbed by the intestinal wall. In the large intestine, the food is dehydrated and compacted by the removal of water and salts. This forms solid waste called feces.
- Digestion is the process by which the body absorbs nutrients from the food we eat. It begins in the mouth, where enzymes break down carbohydrates. In the stomach, acids and enzymes further break down proteins, and the partially digested food moves to the small intestine. In the small intestine, enzymes from the pancreas and bile from the liver break down fats, and nutrient absorption occurs through the intestinal lining into the bloodstream. The absorbed nutrients are then transported to cells throughout the body, providing essential elements for energy, growth, and overall health.
Activity 1. The Food Journey
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