1. The process of inflammation is initiated when the body experiences injury or trauma. The site of injury is then observed with swelling, redness, increased temperature, and pain. Blood vessels dilate to promote blood flow to the area, and inflammation occurs as the WBCs rush into the site, and chemicals released by affected cells cause the blood vessels to leak fluids, which causes swelling.
2. Innate immunity or nonspecific immunity is described as the first line of defense of our body. The mechanisms are general, meaning it does not target and choose specific pathogens. Examples of innate defense mechanisms include the process of coughing, mucus, and gastric acid, and examples of physical barriers are: skin, cilia, and eyelashes. The innate immunity also includes inflammation, complement, and non-specific cellular responses. These mechanisms protect the body from pathogens by: assigning pathogens to be attacked, undergoing phagocytosis which is the process of "eating" the pathogen (by macrophages), "killing" infected cells to prevent spread of infection (by natural killer cells), releasing toxic proteins to kill bacteria (done by eosinophils and basophils) and more.