Briefly describe the process of inflammation in an area that has been traumatized.
In response to tissue injury, inflammation is an intricate physiological reaction. Following trauma, damaged cells release signals such as histamines. This prompts blood vessels to widen, enhancing blood flow to the affected region, causing redness and warmth. White blood cells move to the site, eliminating debris and pathogens, while plasma proteins contribute to swelling. The ultimate goal of the inflammatory process is to repair tissue damage and reinstate homeostasis.
Choose one type of Immunity (Innate and Humoral) and explain how its mechanism protects our body.
Our innate immunity is our frontline defense system and we are born with it. Imagine the skin and mucous membranes as shields and inhibiting germs from entering. If some germs get past, we have cells like macrophages and neutrophils that act like security guards, recognizing and swallowing up the invaders. Special proteins, like complement proteins, help in this defense. Think of fever as an example; it makes our body a tough place for germs to survive. So, innate immunity is our quick and general way of protecting against various threats.
Reference:
Tortora, G. J., & Derrickson, B. H. (2017). Tortora’s Principles of Anatomy & Physiology. Wiley.