Inflammation is the first response of the lymphatic system once an injury, infection, and the like is detected on your body. It aims to prevent further damage and blood loss and initiate the healing process. The process of inflammation has three stages: (1) vasodilation and increased permeability of blood vessels, (2) emigration of phagocytes, and (3) tissue repair. You can notice the first stage has already started when that particular area appears swell and/or red. The blood vessels enlarge and increase permeability to enable increased blood flow to the traumatized area. With this, needed chemicals, proteins, and antibodies can respond immediately. Next is the emigration of phagocytes, a type of white blood cell specialized in engulfing foreign substances inside the body. This stage helps clean up the wound and avoid further infection by eliminating pathogens, ultimately inhibiting its growth. The last stage is tissue repair. Once every threat has been eliminated, the body now focuses on repairing damaged tissues. Immune cells like macrophages and fibroblasts and connective tissue cells work together to patch up the area.
Humoral or adaptive immunity mainly involves B-cells and T-cells. B-cells have a feature called B-cell receptor where antigens will bind. Because of the inherited antibodies from our mothers, our bodies contain some of the antibodies that fight against certain pathogens. Therefore, once the antigen binds to the B-cell that perfectly matches its receptor, the cell will activate and differentiate into plasma B cells to produce a great number of antibodies specifically designed for fighting the antigens. The eliminated antigen will then be remembered by the memory B cells so that when the body encounters it again, the immune system would know how to respond.
Activity 1
ROMERO, Ysabella Marie S.
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