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Briefly describe the process of inflammation in an area that has been traumatized.
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Inflammatory responses are nonspecific, defensive responses to affected or damaged tissues. There are 3 stages of inflammatory response:
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Vasodilation – Arterioles vasodilate which promotes the flow of blood towards the damaged area. This also increases the permeability of capillaries which allows antibodies and clotting factors to aid in the damaged area.
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Emigration of phagocytes – Neutrophils reaches the damaged area through emigration. Additionally, monocytes transform into macrophages to aid in treating damages by engulfing damaged tissues and invading certain microbes.
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Tissue repair
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Choose one type of Immunity (Innate and Humoral) and explain how its mechanism protects our body.
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Innate immunity includes the body’s both first and second lines of defense. It is also known as the “nonspecific” immune system as it reacts to all foreign substances that enter the body. Skin and mucous membranes, as the body’s first line of defense, prevent pathogens from entering the body while internal substances such as antimicrobial substances and phagocytes act as the second line of defense. When foreign substances pass through the first line of defense, these substances will activate mechanisms to fight off these pathogens.