POST-LECTURE ACTIVITY: RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

TORRES, Felice Roberta P. - Post-Lecture Activity

TORRES, Felice Roberta P. - Post-Lecture Activity

by Felice Roberta Torres -
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  1. Initiation of exercise

    • Initiation of exercise causes an increase in respiratory rate because of the dorsal respiratory group (DRG) of the medullary respiratory center in the medulla that received excitatory impulses brought by neural changes.

 

  1. Moderate exercise

    • When moderate exercise is executed, the increase in breathing is because of the physical and chemical changes in the bloodstream, which includes: (1) slightly decreased Po2 because of higher O2  usage; (2) slightly increased PO2 because of higher CO2 production; and (3) increased temperature due to release of heat caused by O2 usage.

 

  1. Abrupt ascent into high altitudes

    • Abrupt ascent into high altitudes causes an increase in respiration due to hyperventilation, where it tries to obtain ample oxygen for the tissues in the body.

 

  1. Paralysis of phrenic nerve

    • In the occurrence of the paralysis of phrenic nerves, it paralyzes the diaphragm affecting the ability of the lungs for gas exchange, which may result in shortness of breath, difficulty sleeping, and recurrent pneumonia.

 

  1. Severe anemia

    • Severe anemia may lead to the lack of red blood cells affecting oxygen transportation to tissue cells, so in response to this, respiratory rate increases trying to achieve more oxygen.

 

  1. Advanced pregnancy

    • Due to the fetus growing inside, it causes inability for the diaphragm to completely descend, and reduces lung capacity as it consumes space in the womb of the mother. Therefore, shortness or difficulty of breathing is experienced.

 

References:

Cleveland Clinic. (2022, January 9). Phrenic nerve. https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/body/22270-phrenic-nerve

Cogo, A. (2011). The lung at high altitude. Multidisciplinary Respiratory Medicine, 6(1), 14. https://doi.org/10.1186/2049-6958-6-1-14

Smith-Garcia, D. (2023, April 5). Why Am I Short of Breath with Anemia? Healthline. https://www.healthline.com/health/anemia/anemia-and-shortness-of-breath

Stanford Medicine. (n.d.). The Lungs in Pregnancy. Stanford Medicine Children’s Health. https://www.stanfordchildrens.org/en/topic/default?id=the-lungs-in-pregnancy-90-P02468

Tortora, G. J., & Derrickson, B. (2017). Principles of Anatomy & Physiology (15th ed.). Wiley.