Activity 3
1. It is immunization day at the health center. The first patient is a 2-month old well female infant who is scheduled for the following vaccinations: pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV), pentavalent vaccine (Penta) and oral polio vaccine. PCV and Penta are given via intramuscular route.
- Where are the sites of injection?
- For the infant, the sites of injection for the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) and the pentavalent vaccine (Penta) is located in the vastus lateralis muscles on either side of the anterolateral thighs of the infant. On the other hand, the oral polio vaccine would be given orally and not be administered via injection.
- What muscle is targeted in the injection?
- The vatus lateralis muscle is targeted for both PCV and Penta vaccines.
- Write down its origin, insertion and action. How do you locate this area?
- Origin: Greater trochanter and linea aspera of femur.
- Insertion: Patella via quadriceps tendon and then tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament.
- Action: All four heads extend leg at knee joint; rectus femoris muscle acting alone also flexes thigh at hip joint.
- How to Locate: The vastus lateralis muscle can be located in between the greater trochanter and lateral femoral condyle. The injection should be administered
2. The baby’s 65-year-old grandfather also came to the center because influenza vaccine is being offered to senior citizens. The flu vaccine is given intramuscularly.
- Which muscle is the preferred site for IM injection in this case?
- For aldults and elders, the preferred site for the IM injection would be the Deltoid muscles located in the upper arm due to its easy accessibility for vaccine administration.
- Write down its origin, insertion and action. How do you locate this area?
- Origin: Acromial extremity of clavicle (anterior fibers), acromion of scapula (lateral fibers), and spine of scapula (posterior fibers).
- Insertion: Deltoid tuberosity of humerus.
- Action: Lateral fibers abduct arm at shoulder joint; anterior fibers flex and medially rotate arm at shoulder joint; posterior fibers extend and laterally rotate arm at shoulder joint.
- How to Locate: The Deltoid muscles are located below the acromion and above the anterior axilla. When administering the injection, it should be at the central part of the muscle or lateral deltoid.
Reference:
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2019). Administer the Vaccine(s). Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/hcp/admin/administer-vaccines.html
Cafasso, J. (2023, April 21). What are intramuscular injections? Healthline. https://www.healthline.com/health/intramuscular-injection#injection-sites
Tortora, G. J., & Derrickson, B. H. (2017). Tortora’s Principles of Anatomy & Physiology. Wiley. https://books.google.com.ph/books?id=aSaVDwAAQBAJ&lpg=PR1&pg=PR1#v=onepage&q&f=false