Name: Nicole Placido 09/08/23
Anatomy and Physiology Ma’am Josephine Aldaba
ACTIVITY # 3
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It is immunization day at the health center. The first patient is a 2-month old well female infant who is scheduled for the following vaccinations: pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV), pentavalent vaccine (Penta) and oral polio vaccine. PCV and Penta are given via intramuscular route. Where are the sites of injection? What muscle is targeted in the injection? Write down its origin, insertion and action. How do you locate this area?
The preferred site of injection for Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine (PCV) and Pentavalent Vaccine (Penta) for infants and young children is the Vastus Lateralis Muscle in the anterolateral thigh.
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Origin: Lower part of the intertrochanteric line, along the spiral line to the medial lip of the linea aspera, the medial intermuscular septum, and the aponeurosis of adductor magnus
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Insertion: Into the medial side of the quadriceps tendon, joining with rectus femoris and other quadriceps muscles, enveloping the patella, then by the patellar ligament into the tibial tuberosity.
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Action: Extends leg at knee
Position the patient lying down or in a parent's arms to identify the vastus lateralis. Palpate the muscle above the lateral femoral condyle and under the greater trochanter (knee joint). The injection should be given into the middle third of the muscle, on the outside anterolateral aspect, lateral to the midline of the thigh. Divide the muscle into thirds.
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The baby's 65-year-old grandfather also came to the center because influenza vaccine is being offered to senior citizens. The flu vaccine is given intramuscularly. Which muscle is the preferred site for IM injection in this case? Write down its origin, insertion and action. How do you locate this area?
The preferred site of injection for flu vaccine for senior citizens is the deltoid muscle of the arm.
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Origin: Originates from the lateral part of the clavicle (collarbone), as well as the spine and acromion process of the scapula (shoulder blade)
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Insertion: It attaches to the deltoid tuberosity on the lateral aspect of the humerus
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Action: Flexion and medial rotation at the shoulder, extension and lateral rotation at the shoulder, and abduction at the shoulder (takes over from the supraspinatus, which abducts the first 15 degrees)
The deltoid muscle has the form of a rounded triangle. The patient must be seated comfortably and have their arm visible from the shoulder to the top of the elbow in order to landmark this location. Trace a hypothetical inverted triangle below the shoulder by palpating the acromion (outside edge of the scapula). The center of the triangle, 3-5 cm below the acromion, should be the location of the injection.
REFERENCES:
The Royal Children’s hospital melbourne (no date) The Royal Children’s Hospital Melbourne. https://www.rch.org.au/rchcpg/hospital_clinical_guideline_index/Intramuscular_Injections/ (Accessed: 08 September 2023).
Tortora, G.J. and Derrickson, B. (2017) Principles of anatomy and physiology. Danvers, MA: Wiley Custom Learning Solutions.