N3 Anatomy and Physiology AY 2023-2024

ITEM 1.

1. PCV

   1. Site and Muscle: The site for PCV injection is mostly done in the anterolateral thigh for infants, particularly the vastus lateralis muscle. 

   2. Origin: Greater trochanter and linea aspera of femur.

   3. Insertion: Patella via quadriceps tendon and then tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament.

   4. Action: All four heads extend leg at knee joint; rectus femoris muscle acting alone also flexes thigh at hip joint.

   5. Location: Proximal portion of the lower limbs; Lateral, anterior portion of the thigh. 

2. Penta

   1. Site and Muscle: The site for pentavalent vaccine is mostly done in the anterolateral thigh for infants, particularly the vastus lateralis muscle. 

   2. Origin: Greater trochanter and linea aspera of femur.

   3. Insertion: Patella via quadriceps tendon and then tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament.

   4. Action: All four heads extend leg at knee joint; rectus femoris muscle acting alone also flexes thigh at hip joint.

   5. Location: Proximal portion of the lower limbs; Lateral, anterior portion of the thigh. 

Note: Intramuscular injections for infants are usually done on the thigh area. 

ITEM 2.

1. IM Injection (Flu)

   1. Site and Muscle: The site for IM injection is mostly done in the arm for adults, particularly the deltoid muscle. 

   2. Origin: Acromial extremity of clavicle (anterior fibers), acromion of scapula (lateral fibers), and spine of scapula (posterior fibers).

   3. Insertion: Deltoid tuberosity of humerus.

   4. Action: Lateral fibers abduct arm at shoulder joint; anterior fibers flex and medially rotate arm at shoulder joint; posterior fibers extend and laterally rotate arm at shoulder joint.

   5. Location: Proximal portion of the upper limbs; Lateral, superficial portion of the arm. 

References:

• Tortora, G. J., & Derrickson, B. (2017). Principles of anatomy and physiology (15th ed.). Wiley Custom Learning Solutions.