Muscle 1: Platysma
Origin: skin over the lower neck and upper lateral chest
Insertion: inferior border of mandible
Action: (1) depresses and wrinkles skin of lower face and mouth; (2) tenses skin of the anterior neck
Muscle 2: Mentalis
Origin: incisive fossa of mandible
Insertion: skin of the chin
Action: (1) elevates and wrinkles skin of the chin; (2) raises and protrudes lower lip
Muscle 3: Orbicularis Oris
Origin: maxillary bone and mandible
Insertion: margin of lips
Action: (1) closes mouth; (2) purses lips and puckers lip edges
Muscle 4: Corrugator Supercilii
Origin: medial superciliary arch
Insertion: skin of the medial forehead
Action: (1) wrinkles forehead vertically
Muscle 5: Orbicularis Oculi
Origin: medial orbital margin and the medial palpebral ligament
Insertion: skin around margin of orbit and tarsal plates of eyelids
Action: (1) closes eyelids; (2) assists in tear transport and drainage
Muscle 6: Occipitofrontalis
Origin: galea aponeurotica
Insertion: skin and superficial fascia of the eyebrows
Action: (1) wrinkles forehead; (2) raises eyebrows
References:
Sendić, G., MD. (n.d.). Facial muscles. Kenhub. https://www.kenhub.com/en/library/anatomy/the-facial-muscles
Anatomy Tables - Muscles. (n.d.). Medical Gross Anatomy. https://www.med.umich.edu/lrc/anatomy-tables/muscles_alpha.html