Activity 1

MIRANDA, MIGUEL ALFONSO R. (ACTIVITY 1)

MIRANDA, MIGUEL ALFONSO R. (ACTIVITY 1)

by Miguel Alfonso Miranda -
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  • Briefly describe the process of inflammation in an area that has been traumatized.

    • When there is an injured tissue, the small blood vessels in the damaged area constrict and go through a momentary process called “Vasoconstriction”. After going through vasoconstriction in the affected area, blood vessels begin to dilate increasing blood flow to the area causing it to turn red. After this, the walls of the blood vessels, which normally allow only water and salts to pass through easily, become more permeable. Protein rich fluids or exudate are now able to exit into the tissues. In exudate, substances include clotting factors, which help prevent the spread of infectious agents throughout the body. As fluid and other substances leak out of the blood vessels, blood flow becomes more sluggish and whit blood cells (WBC) begin to fall out of the axial stream in the center of the vessel to flow nearer the vessel wall. With the WBC now flowing, most of these cells are phagocytes, certain “cell eating” leukocytes that ingest bacteria and other foreign particles and clean up cellular debris caused by the injury, this will cause swelling. After the inflammation process, healing and repair take over. This is where damaged cells are capable of proliferation and will later leave a fibrous scar depending on the extent of the injury.  

  • Choose one type of Immunity (Innate and Humoral) and explain how its mechanism protects our body.

    • Just a quick overview, the immune system protects the body from possibly harmful substances by recognizing and responding to antigens. There are 2 types of immunity and I will be discussing innate immunity. 

    • Innate immunity or also known as nonspecific, is the defense mechanism we are born with. It essentially protects us against all antigens. Innate immunity involves barriers that prevent harmful materials from entering the body. The barriers are our first line of defense. Some examples  of innate immunity include: Cough reflex, Enzymes in tears and skin oils, mucus, skin and stomach acids.