1) It is immunization day at the health center. The first patient is a 2-month old well female infant who is scheduled for the following vaccinations: pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV), pentavalent vaccine (Penta) and oral polio vaccine. PCV and Penta are given via intramuscular route. Where are the sites of injection? What muscle is targeted in the injection? Write down its origin, insertion and action. How do you locate this area?
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The injection sites for PCV and Penta are in the vastus lateralis muscle in the anterolateral thigh. Specifically, the PCV is given in the right thigh, whereas the Penta is given on the left thigh. The Vastus lateralis originates on the upper part of the femoral shaft and inserts into the upper part of the patella, into the quadriceps femoris tendon. This muscle is responsible for the extension of the knee joint, flexion of hips, and patella correction. The location of the said muscle is on the anterior lateral aspect of the thigh, then extends a hand above the knee and the hand’s width below the greater trochanter. The injection site is found in the middle third of the said muscle.
2) The baby’s 65-year-old grandfather also came to the center because influenza vaccine is being offered to senior citizens. The flu vaccine is given intramuscularly. Which muscle is the preferred site for IM injection in this case? Write down its origin, insertion and action. How do you locate this area?
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In this case, the deltoid muscle in the forearm is the preferred IM injection site. This muscle originated from the ⅓ lateral part of the clavicle, acromial and spinal part. Moreover, it inserts in the deltoid tuberosity of the humerus. This muscle connects the collarbone and the shoulder blade. Its actions include the abduction of arms, flexion of anterior fibers, and stabilization of the shoulder joints. To locate, you should expose the upper arm and then find the acromion process. by palpitating the bony prominence. The injection site is the middle of the deltoid muscle, 2.5 to 5cm below the acromion process. To quickly locate, place three fingers across the deltoid muscle and below the acromion process.