1. It is immunization day at the health center. The first patient is a 2-month-old well female infant who is scheduled for the following vaccinations: pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV), pentavalent vaccine (Penta) and oral polio vaccine. PCV and Penta are given via intramuscular route. Where are the sites of injection? What muscle is targeted in the injection? Write down its origin, insertion, and action. How do you locate this area?
The aria of injection for both PCV and Penta vaccines is found on the anterolateral aspect of the mid-thigh in infants while usually in the shoulder area in older children. In infants specifically, the muscle that is targeted is the vastus lateralis muscle found in the anterolateral aspect of the mid-thigh as I have said. The origin of the vastus lateralis is in the Intertrochanteric line, greater trochanter, gluteal tuberosity, linea aspera of femur. The Insertion is through the tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament, and patella in the lateral condyle of tibia. The action that the muscle allows is the leg extension via the knee joint.
2. The baby’s 65-year-old grandfather also came to the center because influenza vaccine is being offered to senior citizens. The flu vaccine is given intramuscularly. Which muscle is the preferred site for IM injection in this case? Write down its origin, insertion, and action. How do you locate this area?
The usual area for the influenza vaccine is the deltoid muscle in the shoulder, or if cannot be used, there are times where the vastus lateralis muscle is still used in older individuals. In the case of the deltoid, its origin is the clavicle, acromion, and the spine of the scapula. Its insertion is found in the deltoid tuberosity of the humerus. The actions that the muscle allows the body to do is divided between its clavicular, acromial, and spinal part, these are, the flexion and internal rotation of the arm, as well as the abduction of the arm, and lastly the extension and external rotation of the arm. Locating it is mainly through palpating and finding the bony point of the shoulder, and the general area would be below that.