Turning a door knob
1. Muscle: Pronator teres
Action:
- Pronates forearm at radioulnar joints
- Weakly flexes forearm at elbow joint
Innervation: Median nerve
2. Muscle: Pronator quadratus
Action: Pronates forearm at radioulnar joints
Innervation: Median nerve
3. Muscle: Supinator
Action: Supinates forearm at radioulnar joints
Innervation: Deep radial nerve
Throwing a baseball overhead
1. Muscle: Latissimus dorsi
Action:
- Extends, adducts, and medially rotates arm at shoulder joint
- Draws arm inferiorly and posteriorly
- RMA: elevates vertebral column and torso
Innervation: Thoracodorsal nerve
2. Muscle: Deltoid
Action:
- Lateral fibers: abduct arm at shoulder joint
- Anterior fibers: flex and medially rotate arm at shoulder joint
- Posterior fibers: extend and laterally rotate arm at shoulder joint
Innervation: Axillary nerve
3. Muscle: Subscapularis
Action: Medially rotates arm at shoulder joint
Innervation: Upper and lower subscapular nerve
Kicking a ball
1. Muscle: Quadratus femoris
Action: Laterally rotates and stabilizes hip joint
Innervation: Nerve to quadratus femoris
2. Muscle: Gluteus maximus
Action:
- Extends thigh at hip joint
- Laterally rotates thigh
- Aids in locking the knee during extension
Innervation: Inferior gluteal nerve
3. Muscle: Iliopsoas
Action:
- Flexes thigh at hip joint
- Laterally rotates thigh
- Flexes trunk on hip
Innervation: Lumbar spinal nerves L2-L3
Doing sit-ups
1. Muscle: Rectus abdominis
Action:
- Flexes the vertebral column of the lumbar portion
- Compresses abdomen
Innervation: Thoracic spinal nerves T7-T12
2. Muscle: Internal oblique
Action:
- Compress abdomen
- Unilaterally flexes vertebral column of the lumbar portion
- Rotate vertebral column
Innervation:
- Thoracic spinal nerves T8-T12
- Iliohypogastric nerve
- Ilioinguinal nerve
3. Muscle: Tensor fasciae latae
Action: Flexes and abducts thigh at hip joint
Innervation: Superior gluteal nerve
Walking
1. Muscle: Semitendinosus
Action:
- Flexes leg at knee joint
- Extends thigh at hip joint
Innervation: Tibial nerve from sciatic nerve
2. Muscle: Gastrocnemius
Action:
- Plantar flexes foot at ankle joint
- Lowers sole of foot to the ground
- Flexes leg at knee joint
- Assists in moving the back of the lower legs up and back toward the buttocks
Innervation: Tibial nerve
3. Muscle: Tibialis Posterior
Action:
- Plantar flexes foot at ankle joint
- Inverts foot at intertarsal joints
Innervation: Tibial nerve
Breathing
1. Muscle: Diaphragm
Action:
- Inhalation: Flattens and increases vertical dimension of thoracis cavity
- Exhalation: Move superiorly and decreases vertical dimension of thoracic cavity
Innervation: Phrenic nerve containing axons from cervical spinal nerves (C3-C5)
2. Muscle: External intercostals
Action:
- Inhalation: Elevates ribs and increases anteroposterior and lateral dimensions of thoracic cavity
- Exhalation: Depresses ribs and decreases anteroposterior and lateral dimensions of thoracic cavity
Innervation: Thoracic spinal nerves T2-T12
3. Muscle: Internal intercostals
Action: Forced exhalation: Draws adjacent ribs together to further decrease anteroposterior and lateral dimensions of thoracic cavity
Innervation: Thoracic spinal nerves T2-T12