1) It is immunization day at the health center. The first patient is a 2-month old well female infant who is scheduled for the following vaccinations: pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV), pentavalent vaccine (Penta) and oral polio vaccine. PCV and Penta are given via intramuscular route. Where are the sites of injection? What muscle is targeted in the injection? Write down its origin, insertion and action. How do you locate this area?
The pneumococcal conjugate and pentavalent vaccine is usually injected into the thigh of infants, specifically the vastus lateralis muscle in the anterolateral thigh. This muscle's origin is at the greater trochanter and linea aspera of the femur. Its insertion is at the Patella via quadriceps tendon and then tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament. Next, its action is extending the leg at the knee joint. The injection area can be located at the anterolateral aspect of the mid-thigh, and a needle length and size appropriate for the infant must be used.
2) The baby’s 65-year-old grandfather also came to the center because influenza vaccine is being offered to senior citizens. The flu vaccine is given intramuscularly. Which muscle is the preferred site for IM injection in this case? Write down its origin, insertion and action. How do you locate this area?
The influenza vaccine is usually injected at the deltoid muscle. The deltoid muscle's origin is at the acromial extremity of clavicle , acromion of scapula, and spine of scapula. Next, its insertion is at the deltoid tuberosity of the humerus. Lastly, its action is flexion and internal rotation of the arm at the clavicular part, abduction of the arm at the acromial part, and extension and external rotation of the arm at the spinal part. The injection area can be located at the upper, outer arm and a needle length and size appropriate for the grandfather must be used.