Name at least three muscles that actively contracts during the following activities and name its action and innervation:
-
TURNING A DOOR KNOB
-
Supinator
-
ACTION - Proximal radioulnar joint: Forearm supination
-
INNERVATION - Posterior interosseous nerve (C7, C8)
-
Pronator teres
-
ACTION - Pronation of forearm at the proximal radioulnar joint, flexion of the forearm at the elbow joint
-
INNERVATION - Median nerve (C6, C7)
-
Pronator quadratus muscles
-
ACTION - Proximal radioulnar joint: Forearm pronation
-
INNERVATION - Median nerve (anterior interosseous nerve, C7, C8)
-
THROWING A BASEBALL OVERHEAD
-
Subscapularis
-
ACTION - Arm internal rotation, Stabilizes humeral head in glenoid cavity
-
INNERVATION - Upper and lower subscapular nerves (C5 - C6)
-
Teres major
-
ACTION - extends arm at shoulder and joint, assists in adduction and medial rotation of arm at shoulder joint
-
INNERVATION - Lower subscapular nerve (C5-C7)
-
Deltoid
-
ACTION - anterior fibers flex and medially rotate arm at shoulder point, posterior fibers extend and laterally rotate arm at shoulder point, lateral fibers abduct arm at shoulder point
-
INNERVATION - Axillary nerve (C5, C6)
-
KICKING A BALL
-
Iliopsoas
-
ACTION - flex thigh at hip point, rotate thigh laterally, flex trunk on hips as in sitting up from supine position
-
INNERVATION - Iliacus: femoral nerve (L2-L4); Psoas major: anterior rami of spinal nerves (L1-L3)
-
Semitendinosus
-
ACTION - Hip joint: Thigh extension, thigh internal rotation, stabilizes pelvis.; Knee joint: Leg flexion, leg internal rotation.
-
INNERVATION - Tibial division of sciatic nerve (L5-S2)
-
Quadriceps femoris
-
ACTION - Hip joint: Thigh flexion; Knee joint: Leg extension
-
INNERVATION - Femoral nerve (L2-L4)
-
DOING SIT-UPS
-
Rectus abdominis
-
ACTION - move the body between the ribcage and the pelvis
-
INNERVATION - Intercostal nerves (T7-T11), subcostal nerve (T12)
-
Transversus abdominis
-
ACTION - Bilateral contraction - Compresses abdominal viscera, expiration; Unilateral contraction - Trunk rotation (ipsilateral)
-
INNERVATION - Intercostal nerves (T7-T11), subcostal nerve (T12), iliohypogastric nerve (L1), ilioinguinal nerve (L1)
-
Internal oblique
-
ACTION - Bilateral contraction - Trunk flexion, compresses abdominal viscera, expiration; Unilateral contraction - Trunk lateral flexion (ipsilateral), trunk rotation (ipsilateral)
-
INNERVATION - Intercostal nerves (T7-T11), subcostal nerve (T12), iliohypogastric nerve (L1), ilioinguinal nerve (L1)
-
WALKING
-
Soleus
-
ACTION - plantar flexion of the foot at the ankle
-
INNERVATION - Tibial nerve (S1, S2)
-
Fibularis longus
-
ACTION - Talocrural joint: Foot plantar flexion; Subtalar joint: Foot eversion; Supports longitudinal and transverse arches of foot
-
INNERVATION - Superficial fibular nerve (L5, S1)
-
Tibialis anterior
-
ACTION - Talocrural joint: foot dorsiflexion; subtalar joint: foot inversion
-
INNERVATION - Deep fibular nerve (L4, L5)
-
BREATHING
-
Diaphragm
-
ACTION - inhalation: contraction causes flattening and increasing the vertical dimension of thoracic cavity; exhalation: relaxation causes superior moving and decreasing of the vertical dimension of thoracic cavity
-
INNERVATION - Phrenic nerves (C3-C5) (sensory innervation of peripheries via 6th-11th intercostal nerves)
-
Internal intercostal muscles
-
ACTION - Depress ribs during forced expiration; Support intercostal spaces and thoracic cage
-
INNERVATION - Intercostal nerves
-
External intercostal muscles
-
ACTION - Elevate ribs during forced inspiration; Supports intercostal spaces and thoracic cage
-
INNERVATION - Intercostal nerves