Name at least three muscles that actively contracts during the following activities and name its action and innervation:
|
Activity |
Muscles |
Action |
Innervation |
|
Turning a door knob |
Pronator teres |
Turning of hand palm-down (pronation) |
Median nerve |
|
Pronator quadratus |
Helps in turning the hand palm-down (pronation) |
Median nerve |
|
|
Supinator |
Turning of hand palm-up (supination) |
Deep radial nerve |
|
Throwing a baseball overhead |
Subscapularis |
Medial rotation of arm at the shoulder joint |
Upper and lower subscapular nerve |
|
Teres Major |
Helps in the adduction and medial rotation of arm at the shoulder joint |
Lower subscapular nerve |
|
|
Infraspinatus |
Lateral rotation of arm at shoulder joint |
Subscapular nerve |
|
Kicking a ball |
Rectus femoris |
Movement of lower leg out in front of the body (e.g. kicking); thigh flexion |
Femoral nerve |
|
Gluteus maximus |
Lowering of knee and extend thigh at hip joint and rotates thigh laterally |
Inferior gluteal nerve |
|
|
Vastus lateralis |
Extension of leg at the knee joint |
Femoral nerve |
|
Doing sit-ups |
Rectus abdominis |
Flexing of vertebral column; compression of abdomen |
Thoracic spinal nerves T7-T12 |
|
External oblique |
Compression of abdomen, flexing and rotation of vertebral column |
Thoracic spinal nerves T7-T12, and Iliohypogastric nerve |
|
|
Transversus abdominis |
Compression of abdomen |
Thoracic spinal nerves T8-T12, Iliohypogastric nerve, and Ilioinguinal nerve |
|
Walking |
Soleus |
Plantar flexes foot at the ankle joint |
Tibial nerve |
|
Tibialis posterior |
Plantar flexes foot at the ankle joint; supinates foot at intertarsal joints |
Tibial nerve |
|
|
Gastrocnemius |
Plantar flexes foot at the ankle joint; Flexes leg at knee joint |
Tibial nerve |
|
Breathing |
Diaphragm |
flattening/ moving and increasing/ decreasing of the vertical dimension of thoracic cavity |
Phrenic nerve containing axons from cervical spinal nerves C3-C5 |
|
External intercostals |
Elevation/ depression of ribs; increasing/ decreasing of anteroposterior and lateral dimensions of thoracic cavity |
Thoracic spinal nerves T2-T12 |
|
|
Internal intercostals |
Drawing of adjacent ribs together to decrease anteroposterior and lateral dimensions of thoracic cavity |
Thoracic spinal nerves T2-T12 |