Turning a door knob
a. Supinator
Action: rotates the radius laterally at the proximal radioulnar joint
Innervation: innervated by the posterior interosseous nerve (C7, C8), a branch of the radial nerve
b. Pronator Quadratus
Action: produces forearm pronation by acting on the proximal radioulnar joint, pivots the head of radius around the ulna and turning the palm posteriorly or inferiorly
Innervation: innervated by the anterior interosseous nerve of forearm, with contributions mainly from C7 and C8 spinal nerves
c. Brachioradialis
Action: flexes the forearm at the elbow
Innervation:innervated by the radial nerve
Throwing a baseball overhead
a. Deltoid
Action: extension, flexion, and abduction of the arm
Innervation: innervated by axillary nerve (C5, C6)
b. Pectoralis Major
Action: adduction of the arm and rotation of the arm forward about the axis of the body
Innervation: innervated by the lateral and medial pectoral nerves (root value C5-T1)
c. Latissimus Dorsi
Action: pull the inferior angle of the scapula in various directions, producing movements on the shoulder joint, adducts the arm at the shoulder
Innervation: innervated by the sixth, seventh, and eighth cervical nerves through the thoracodorsal (long subscapular) nerve
Kicking a ball
a. Quadriceps
Action: extend/straighten the knee
Innervation: innervated by femoral nerve (L2-L4)
b. Hamstring
Action: flex the knee joint and extend the hip
Innervation: innervated by nerves that arise from the lumbar and sacral plexuses
c. Gluteus Maximus
Action: extension, external rotation, abduction and adduction of the thigh
Innervation: innervated by the inferior gluteal nerve (L5-S2)
Doing sit-ups
a. Rectus Abdominis
Action: flexion of the trunk, tense the anterior wall of the abdomen and assist in compressing the contents of the abdomen.
Innervation: innervated by the thoracoabdominal nerves
b. External Obliques
Action: ipsilateral lateral flexion of the trunk and contralateral rotation of the trunk
Innervation: innervated by the anterior rami of the thoracic spinal nerves T7-T12
c. Transverse Abdominis
Action: ipsilateral trunk rotation, stabilize the trunk and maintain internal abdominal pressure
Innervation: innervated by the lower intercostal nerves (thoracoabdominal, nerve roots T7-T11)
Walking
a. Soleus
Action: plantar flexion of the foot at the ankle, stabilizes the tibia on the calcaneus limiting forward sway
Innervation: innervated by the anterior rami of S1 and S2 spinal nerves, carried by the tibial nerve into the posterior compartment of the leg
b. Gastrocnemius
Action: pulls the heel up and thus extends the foot downward
Innervation: innervated by the tibial nerve when it eventually separates from the sciatic nerve
c. Quadriceps
Action: extend/straighten the knee
Innervation: innervated by femoral nerve (L2-L4)
Breathing
a. Intercostal Muscles
Action: pull down on the rib cage and push air out of the lungs
Innervation: innervated by the anterior rami of spinal nerves T1-T11
b. Diaphragm
Action: contracts and flattens, increasing the vertical diameter of the thoracic cavity
Innervation: innervated by phrenic nerves (C3-C5)
c. Rectus Abdominis
Action: flexion of the trunk, tense the anterior wall of the abdomen and assist in compressing the contents of the abdomen.
Innervation: innervated by the thoracoabdominal nerves