Activity 3: Exercises
Which bone (yellow) is centrally located and joins with most of the other bones of the skull?
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Sphenoid bone is the bone (yellow) centrally located and joins with most of the other bones of the skull.
What are the two mechanisms by which the bones of the body are formed and which bones are formed by each mechanism?
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There are two modes of prenatal bone formation and they are intramembranous ossification and endochondral ossification. The intramembranous ossification is generated in or within fibrous connective tissue membranes wherein mesenchymal cells differentiate into osteoblasts in regions and secrete bone osteroid for bone matrix. The bone matrix develops thin columns of bone called trabeculae which fuse to form spongy bone which will result in a newly formed bone. The bones formed in this mechanism are the skull, clavicles, and most cranial bones. On the other hand, the endochondral ossification begins when embryonic mesenchyme condenses forming the cartilage model or the shape of the new bone. The bones formed in this mechanism are most of the rest of the skeleton such as the vertebrae, ribs, and limbs.
What are the synovial joints being described in the video?
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The synovial joints described in the video are ball and socket, which points to the shoulder, hinge, which points to the knees, pivot, which points to the neck, condyloid, which points to the wrist, saddle, which points to the fingers, and lastly gliding, which points to the vertebrae.
Which type of synovial joint allows for the widest ranges of motion?
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The ball and socket joints are the synovial joints with the widest ranges of motion because they allow all movements in all directions.