ACTIVITY 2: ORGAN-SYSTEM LEVEL
1. What are the organs that constitute each of the organ systems above?
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Integumentary System: skin, hair, nails, glands, and sensory nerves
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Skeletal System: bone, cartilage, tendons, joints, ligaments, and other connective tissues
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Muscular System: skeletal muscles, cardiac muscles, and smooth muscles
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Nervous System: brain, spinal cord, sensory organs, and nerves connecting these organs
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Endocrine System: hypothalamus, hypophysis, pineal gland, thyroid gland, parathyroid glands, endocrine pancreas and gastric mucosa, adrenal glands, and gonads
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Cardiovascular System: heart, blood vessels which include arteries,veins, and capillaries
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Lymphatic System: bone marrow, spleen, thymus, lymph nodes, and lymphatic vessels
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Respiratory System: nose, mouth, throat, voice box, windpipe, airways, and lungs
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Digestive System: mouth, esophagus, stomach, pancreas, liver, gallbladder, small intestine, large intestine, and anus
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Urinary System: kidneys, renal pelvis, ureters, bladder, and urethra
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Reproductive System:
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Female: vagina, uterus, fallopian tubes, ovaries, accessory glands, and external genital organs
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Male: penis, scrotum, testes, epididymis, vas deferens, prostate, and seminal vesicles
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2. Which organ system functions to regulate acid-base balance in body fluid?
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The organ system that functions to regulate acid-base balance is the Urinary System. Among the organs present in this system, the kidneys play a major role in the regulation of acid-base balance by reabsorbing the bicarbonate that is filtered by the glomeruli and excreting titrable acids and ammonia into the urine (Nagami & Hamm, 2017).
Reference:
Nagami, G. T., & Hamm, L. L. (2017). Regulation of Acid-Base Balance in Chronic Kidney Disease. Advances in Chronic Kidney Disease, 24(5), 274–279. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.ackd.2017.07.004