1. Organs that constitute each of the organ-system:
Integumentary System
- Skin
- Associated structures such as hair, fingernail and toenails, sweat glands, and oil glands
Skeletal System
- Bones
- Joints
- Cartilages
- Ligaments
- Tendons
Muscular System
- Skeletal Muscle Tissue
- Smooth Muscle Tissue
- Cardiac Muscle Tissue
Nervous System
- Brain
- Spinal cord
- Nerves
- Special sense organs (eyes and ears)
Endocrine System
- Pineal
- Hypothalamus
- Pituitary
- Thymus
- Thyroid
- Parathyroid
- Adrenal
- Pancreas
- Ovaries
- Testes
Cardiovascular System
- Blood
- Heart
- Blood vessels (arteries, veins, and capillaries)
Lymphatic System
- Lymphatic fluid
- Lymphatic vessels
- Lymphatic ducts
- Bone marrow
- Spleen
- Thymus
- Lymph nodes
- Peyer's patches
- Tonsils and adenoid
- Cells that carry immune responses (B cells and T cells)
Respiratory System
- Lungs
- Pharynx
- Larynx
- Trachea
- Bronchial tubes
- Mouth and Nose
Digestive System
- Mouth
- Pharynx
- Esophagus
- Stomach
- Small and large intestine
- Anus
- Accessory organs such as salivary glands, liver, gallbladder, and pancreas
Urinary System
- Kidneys
- Ureters
- Urinary bladder
- Urethra
Reproductive System
Female
- Ovaries
- Fallopian Tubes
- Vagina
- Uterus
- Cervix
- Mammary Glands
Male
- Urethra
- Testes
- Epididymis
- Ejaculatory ducts
- Vas deferens
- Seminal vesicles
- Prostrate
- Bulbourethral glands
- Penis
2. Acid-base balance requires the cooperation of both the lungs (essential for maintaining the pH by releasing carbon dioxide from our body) and kidneys (reabsorb bicarbonate from the urine back to the blood and secrete hydrogen ions into the urine). That being said, the organ systems that regulate acid-base balance in body fluid are the respiratory system and urinary system.
Reference:
Pietrangelo, A. (2017). Acid-Base Balance. Healthline. Retrieved September 12, 2022, from https://www.healthline.com/health/acid-base-balance
Tortora. G. J. & Derrickson, B. (2014). Principles of Anatomy and Physiology. New York, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.